Neurosurgery is the medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of patients with injuries or diseases/disorders of the brain, spinal cord and spinal column, and peripheral nerves within all parts of the body. The specialty of neurosurgical care includes both adult and younger patients.

Common conditions which neurosurgeons (brain surgeons) treat:

- strokes or bleeding in the brain (cerebral aneurysms)- benign or cancerous brain and spinal tumours- spinal conditions such as tethered spinal cords, herniated discs and osteoarthritis- head, neck or spine injuries- seizures, epilepsy and movement disorders- neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease- certain types of chronic pain